PMS Political Science Notes PDF
PMS Political Science Notes
PMS Political Science Notes are very useful for students preparing for the PMS examination. These notes help candidates understand the functioning of governments, political systems, and public policies. Moreover, they cover important topics such as political theories, international relations, democracy, human rights, and political institutions. In addition, these notes assist in developing analytical skills, critical thinking, and the ability to write clear and well-structured answers in exams. Therefore, regularly studying organized and updated political science notes can greatly improve a student’s performance and confidence in this subject.
Democracy and its challenges – Sample
1. Introduction
Democracy is one of the most important systems of government in the world. It affects governance, citizen participation, and the overall stability of a country. Political science studies democracy to understand how governments function, how leaders are elected, and how policies are made to serve the public.
2. Key Features of Democracy
Popular Sovereignty: Authority comes from the will of the people.
Free and Fair Elections: Citizens choose leaders through transparent elections.
Rule of Law: All individuals, including rulers, are equal before the law.
Fundamental Rights: Guarantees freedom of speech, religion, and association.
Separation of Powers: Legislature, executive, and judiciary work independently.
3. Importance of Democracy
Protects Rights: Ensures civil liberties and political freedoms.
Promotes Equality: Treats citizens equally regardless of class, gender, or religion.
Encourages Participation: Allows people to take part in governance and policy-making.
Checks Abuse of Power: Prevents dictatorship and misuse of authority.
Ensures Peaceful Change: Provides a legal way for leadership transition.
4. Challenges to Democracy
- Corruption and weak institutions.
- Lack of political awareness among citizens.
- Poverty and inequality.
- Undue influence of powerful groups.
- Weak rule of law and poor governance.
5. Conclusion
Democracy is the most widely accepted form of government, as it values freedom, justice, and equality. However, for democracy to succeed, strong institutions, educated citizens, transparency, and accountability are essential. Only then can democracy bring stability and progress to society.
