PMS Zoology Notes PDF
PMS Zoology Notes
PMS Zoology Notes are highly important for students preparing for the PMS examination. These notes help candidates understand the structure, function, and behavior of animals, as well as their interaction with the environment. Moreover, they cover major areas such as animal physiology, ecology, evolution, genetics, and biodiversity. In addition, these notes improve observational skills and enable students to write clear, analytical, and well-structured answers in exams. Therefore, carefully prepared and updated Zoology notes can greatly increase a student’s chances of success in this subject.
Insects and Their Importance – Sample
1. Introduction
Insects are the largest group of animals on Earth. They play an essential role in ecosystems, agriculture, and human life. Understanding their beneficial and harmful roles is important for ecological balance and scientific study.
2. Beneficial Roles of Insects
- Pollination: Bees, butterflies, and beetles pollinate flowers, helping in crop and fruit production.
- Food Source: Many insects serve as food for birds, fish, amphibians, and even humans.
- Decomposition: Insects like beetles and flies help in breaking down waste and dead matter.
- Biological Control: Ladybugs and dragonflies control harmful pests naturally.
- Commercial Value: Silkworms produce silk, honeybees provide honey and wax, and lac insects produce lac.
3. Harmful Roles of Insects
Crop Damage: Locusts, aphids, and caterpillars destroy agricultural crops.
Disease Transmission: Mosquitoes spread malaria, dengue, and Zika virus; flies spread cholera and typhoid.
Damage to Stored Goods: Beetles and moth larvae spoil stored grains and fabrics.
Biting and Stinging: Some insects cause pain, allergies, or even poisoning through bites and stings.
4. Conclusion
Insects are both beneficial and harmful for human life. While they provide pollination, food, and valuable products, they also spread diseases and damage crops. Therefore, balanced pest management, scientific research, and environmental protection are essential to use the benefits of insects and reduce their negative impacts.
