CSS Environmental Sciences Notes PDF
CSS Environmental Sciences Notes
CSS Environmental Sciences Notes are highly useful for students preparing for the CSS examination. These notes help candidates understand the relationship between humans and the environment, the importance of natural resources, and the impact of human activities on ecosystems. Moreover, they cover important areas such as climate change, biodiversity, pollution control, sustainable development, and environmental policies. In addition, these notes assist in developing analytical skills and the ability to write clear, well-structured answers in the exam. Therefore, going through organized and regularly updated environmental sciences notes can greatly improve your chances of achieving high marks in this subject.
Climate Change and Its Impact on Pakistan – Sample
1. Introduction
Climate change refers to long-term changes in temperature, weather patterns, and atmospheric conditions, mainly caused by human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. In Pakistan, climate change has become a serious issue affecting agriculture, health, water resources, and livelihoods.
2. Causes of Climate Change in Pakistan
Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Burning coal, oil, and gas releases carbon dioxide and methane, trapping heat in the atmosphere.
Deforestation: Cutting down forests reduces the planet’s ability to absorb carbon dioxide.
Industrialization: Rapid growth of industries increases pollution and waste.
Unsustainable Agriculture: Overuse of land and water resources leads to environmental degradation.
3. Effects of Climate Change
Rising Temperatures: Hotter summers and melting glaciers in northern areas.
Extreme Weather Events: More frequent floods, droughts, and heatwaves.
Water Scarcity: Declining rainfall and reduced river flows.
Agricultural Losses: Reduced crop yields due to unpredictable weather.
Health Risks: Spread of diseases like malaria and dengue.
4. Conclusion
Climate change in Pakistan is a growing challenge with serious social, economic, and environmental consequences. If addressed through renewable energy, reforestation, and sustainable policies, the impacts can be reduced. Strong government action, public awareness, and global cooperation are essential to safeguard the country’s future.
